在心理学上，对于行为主义的基本解释中，行为主义有一些基本的立场认为：一般行为主义是没有先天的知识，但是有承认后天的学习，用行为主义来解释人类的心理，不需要愿望和目标，因为只是一种观念。另外行为主义这些机制，适用于一种对外界条件反射的机制和物种，但其实行为主义的这些基本观点都是一些误区。
行为必定产生于思维，如果仅仅通过后天的学习没有先天的思维基础知识，不可能产生一些正确的行为和失误的行为。此外，解释人类心理，需要愿望和对人类精神观念的一些目标，所以有些 对物体和思维产生的精神层面的观念，是产生心理行为对错的一种正确判断。
实际上，有证据显示先天知识和先天欲望确实存在，比方一个人从小学习的语言、家庭对他的倾向性教育，对物质了解的深度，健康心理都有先天和内在的精神系统传导作用，但在这方面心理学上一直有争议。其实先天的遗传基因和后天的知识，及人本来就拥有的欲望，都是属于对行为意识构成的一种成熟，并让他发展成为一种状态。
在心理学上，有人认为，人的内在知识，是先天的；又有人认为，不管你现在学到的哪些知识，都是后天形成的。 其实心理状态是否科学，要归纳为一种不可能观察的思想行为，由内部机制和 内心表达来解释对人间事物的智能行为，才会产生行为意识。
人在一种环境中，当面对或进入不能了解和不可能观察的事物当中，他会完全违反心理意识而转为行为意识，就是强化自己去执行某一定向的思维。
In psychology, some basic explanations of behaviourism contend that there is no innate knowledge but recognise learning. To behaviourists, aspirations or goals are not required to explain human psychology because they are just a concept. These behavioural mechanisms could apply to a kind of response mechanism or any species. However, these basic behaviourist ideas demonstrate misunderstandings.
Behaviour originates from minds. Without innate thinking and basic knowledge, mere learned skills cannot lead directly to right or wrong actions. In addition, aspirations and goals are required to explain human psychology. Therefore, some mental concepts about objects and thoughts can produce a correct judgement on the right or wrong mental behaviour.
In truth, evidence shows that innate knowledge and desires do exist, such as language learning, development of preference and understanding of material objects. A healthy mindset has innate and built-in mental systems. However, there has been controversy regarding this issue in psychology. Hereditary genes, learned knowledge and innate desires all facilitate the maturation of the structure of behavioural awareness and can develop into a certain condition.
In psychology, some believe that people's knowledge is innate while others believe that it's learned. However, to understand a mental state scientifically, one needs to resort to unobservable thoughts and behaviours. One can explain intelligent behaviour in terms of internal mechanisms and internal representations.
When people get into a situation that they can barely understand or observe, they will do things contrary to their mental consciousness. Instead they will turn to behavioural consciousness and reinforce the implementation of certain thinking.
卢军宏太平绅士，现任世界心理健康联盟董事局主席、澳洲东方传媒弘扬佛法慈善机构董事局主席、澳洲东方传媒报业广播电视集团董事长，是澳大利亚高级心理辅导师，拥有澳洲心理学高级文凭，并荣誉担任意大利锡耶纳大学荣誉客座教授、受聘著名国际佛教大学荣誉教授、英国西苏格兰大学佛学与哲学讲师，具有 25 年心理辅导经验，宣讲心理学与佛学理论至世界125个国家与地区，拥有一千万佛学与心理学的学习者与追随者。
本书为卢军宏太平绅士近年来在心理学研究中的论述编著而成。多年来，卢军宏太平绅士在心理学的理论应用与实践中积累了丰富的经验，并有独到见解，为人类心理问题的解决提供了积极和创新式的解决方案，为现代心理学的发展增光添彩。
Professor Richard Lu JP currently serves as the Chairman of Mental Health International, Australia Oriental Buddhist Charity Association and the Australia Oriental Media Group. He is a senior counsellor, holding an Advanced Diploma in Counselling and Psychology (Australia).
Professor Lu has also been appointed as an Honorary Visiting Professor by the prestigious University of Siena, Italy; Honorary Professor by an international Buddhist university; and Lecturer in the area of Buddhism and Philosophy at the University of the West of Scotland, UK. With 25 years of experience in counselling, Professor Lu has given lectures in psychology and Buddhist theory in 125 countries and regions.
Currently, there are 10 million people studying and following his psychological and Buddhist practices.
This book is a compilation of Professor Lu’s psychological research over the years. Professor Lu has abundant experience from many years of applying and practising psychology. His unique insight also provides positive and innovative solutions to mental health issues facing people today, adding lustre to the development of modern psychology.
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发表于 2020-7-2 12:20:56
